Common menstrual disorders include amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), menorrhagia (excessive bleeding), and metrorrhagia (bleeding between periods). These disorders can impact a woman’s physical health, emotional well-being, and quality of life, and proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for maintaining reproductive health.

Point-wise Definitions of Common Menstrual Disorders

Amenorrhea – The absence of menstruation in a woman of reproductive age.

• Primary : Menstruation never begins by age 16.
• Secondary : Menstruation stops for 3 months or more in a woman who previously had normal cycles.

Dysmenorrhea – Painful menstruation that may include cramps, lower abdominal pain, nausea, or headaches.

• Primary : Pain without underlying disease.
• Secondary : Pain due to conditions like endometriosis or fibroids.

Menorrhagia – Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding, often leading to anemia.

Metrorrhagia – Bleeding between menstrual periods, which may indicate hormonal imbalance or reproductive tract issues.

Oligomenorrhea – Infrequent menstrual periods, usually more than 35 days apart.

Polymenorrhea – Very frequent menstrual periods, less than 21 days apart.